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Journal Article

Risk preferences and development revisited

Theory and Decision 86 (1): 1–21
Ferdinand M. Vieider, Peter Martinsson, Pham Khanh Nam, Nghi Truong (2019)
Subject(s)
Economics, politics and business environment; Management sciences, decision sciences and quantitative methods
Keyword(s)
Risk preferences, development, prospect theory
Volume
86
Journal Pages
1–21
Journal Article

Pathways to intercultural accuracy: Social projection processes and core cultural values

European Journal of Social Psychology 49 (1): 47–62
Shira Mor, Claudia Toma, Martin Schweinsberg, Daniel Ames (2019)
Subject(s)
Human resources management/organizational behavior
Keyword(s)
Accuracy, social projection, cultural values, collectivistic vs. individualistic value
Volume
49
Journal Pages
47–62
ISSN (Online)
1099-0992
Journal Article

Did Europe move in the right direction on e-waste legislation?

Production and Operations Management 28 (1): 121–139
Shumail Mazahir, Vedat Verter, Tamer Boyaci, Luk N. Van Wassenhove (2019)
Subject(s)
Product and operations management
Keyword(s)
Legislation, product recovery, remanufacturing, recycling, end-of-life products
This paper presents an analytical framework of the product take back legislation in the context of product reuse. We characterize existing and proposed forms of E-waste legislation and compare their environmental and economic performance. Using stylized models, we analyze an OEM’s decision about new and remanufactured product quantity in response to the legislative mechanism. We focus on the 2012 waste electrical and electronic equipment directive in Europe, where the policy-makers intended to create additional incentives for the product reuse. Through a comparison to the original 2002 version of the directive, we find that these incentives translate into improved environmental outcomes only for a limited set of products. We also study a proposed policy that advocates a separate target for the product reuse. Our analysis reveals that from an environmental standpoint, the recast version is always dominated either by the original policy or by the one that advocates a separate target for the product reuse. We show that the benefits of a separate reuse target scheme can be fully replicated with the aid of fiscal levers. Our main message is that there can not be a single best environmental policy that is suitable for all products. Therefore, the consideration of product attributes is essential in identification of the most appropriate policy tool. This can be done either by the implementation of different policies on each product category or by implementation of product based target levels.
© 2018 Production and Operations Management Society
Volume
28
Journal Pages
121–139
Journal Article

Crowdfunding scientific research: Descriptive insights and correlates of funding success

PLoS ONE 14 (1)
Henry Sauermann, Chiara Franzoni, Kourosh Shafi (2019)
Subject(s)
Entrepreneurship; Finance, accounting and corporate governance; Technology, R&D management
Keyword(s)
Crowdfunding, funding of science, organizational theory, citizen science, R&D
Crowdfunding has gained traction as a mechanism to raise resources for entrepreneurial and artistic projects, yet there is little systematic evidence on the potential of crowdfunding for scientific research. We first briefly review prior research on crowdfunding and give an overview of dedicated platforms for crowdfunding research. We then analyze data from over 700 campaigns on the largest dedicated platform, Experiment.com. Our descriptive analysis provides insights regarding the creators seeking funding, the projects they are seeking funding for, and the campaigns themselves. We then examine how these characteristics relate to fundraising success. The findings highlight important differences between crowdfunding and traditional funding mechanisms for research, including high use by students and other junior investigators but also relatively small project size. Students and junior investigators are more likely to succeed than senior scientists, and women have higher success rates than men. Conventional signals of quality–including scientists’ prior publications–have little relationship with funding success, suggesting that the crowd may apply different decision criteria than traditional funding agencies. Our results highlight significant opportunities for crowdfunding in the context of science while also pointing towards unique challenges. We relate our findings to research on the economics of science and on crowdfunding, and we discuss connections with other emerging mechanisms to involve the public in scientific research.
© 2019 Sauermann et al.
Volume
14
ISSN (Online)
1932-6203
Journal Article

The risky side of inspirational appeals in personal selling: When do customers infer ulterior salesperson motives?

Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management (JPSSM) 38 (3): 323–343
Sascha Alavi, Johannes Habel, Christian Schmitz, Bianca Richter, Jan Wieseke (2018)
Subject(s)
Marketing
Keyword(s)
inspirational appeals, personal selling, customer emotions, influence tactics
JEL Code(s)
M310
In personal selling, the inspirational appeal (IA) is a widely promoted tactic that aims at stimulating customers’ values and ideals, thereby evoking emotions and arousing their enthusiasm for a product. However, whether IAs in fact improve or undermine salespeople’s success in sales talks remains controversial. Therefore, the present study examines consequences and key contingencies of IAs in customer–salesperson interactions in a retailing context, using multi-source data from several retailing industries for three quantitative studies, comprising a total sample of 590 customer and 174 salesperson responses. Drawing on the Multiple Inferences Model (MIM), the authors show that an IA is likely to drive the customer’s inference that the salesperson holds ulterior motives. IAs seem to be particularly detrimental for salespeople with a lack of customer orientation. Beyond expanding research on influence tactics and the ambivalent role of IAs in retailing interactions, these findings can guide practitioners about when to refrain from using an IA.
Volume
38
Journal Pages
323–343
ISSN (Online)
1557–7813
ISSN (Print)
0885–3134
Journal Article

Fire in the belly? Employee motives and innovative performance in startups versus established firms

Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal 12 (4): 423–454
Subject(s)
Entrepreneurship
Keyword(s)
Entrepreneurial firms, human capital, innovative performance, motives, start-up joiners
We examine whether start-ups attract employees with different pecuniary and non-pecuniary motives than small or large established firms. We then explore whether such differences in employee motives may lead to differences in innovative performance across firm types. Using data on more than 10,000 U.S. R&D employees, we find that start-up employees (“joiners”) place lower importance on job security and salary but greater importance on independence and responsibility. Start-up employees have higher patent output than employees in small and large established firms, and this difference is partly mediated by employee motives - especially joiners’ greater willingness to bear risk. We discuss implications for research as well as for managers and policy makers concerned with the supply of human capital to entrepreneurship and innovation.
Copyright © 2017 Strategic Management Society
Volume
12
Journal Pages
423–454
Journal Article

Knowing me, knowing you: Inventor mobility and the formation of technology-oriented alliances

Academy of Management Journal 61 (6): 2026–2052
Stefan Wagner, Martin C. Goossen (2018)
Subject(s)
Strategy and general management; Technology, R&D management
Keyword(s)
Inventor mobility, alliance formation, interfirm collaboration, technological capabilities, pharmaceuticals
We link the hiring of R&D scientists from industry competitors to the subsequent formation of collaborative agreements, namely technology-oriented alliances. By transferring technological knowledge as well as cognitive elements to the hiring firm, mobile inventors foster the alignment of decision frames applied by potential alliance partners in the process of alliance formation thereby making collaboration more likely. Using data on inventor mobility and alliance formation amongst 42 global pharmaceutical firms over 16 years, we show that inventor mobility is positively associated with the likelihood of alliance formation in periods following inventor movements. This relationship becomes more pronounced if these employees bring additional knowledge about their prior firm’s technological capabilities and for alliances aimed at technology development rather than for agreements related to technology transfer. It is weakened, however, if the focal firm is already familiar with the competitor’s technological capabilities. By revealing these relationships, our study contributes to research on alliance formation, employee mobility, and organizational frames.
With permission of the Academy of Management
Volume
61
Journal Pages
2026–2052
Journal Article

Speeding up the Internet: Regulation and investment in the European fiber optic infrastructure

International Journal of Industrial Organization 61 (November): 613–652
Wolfgang Briglauer, Carlo Cambini, Michał Grajek (2018)
Subject(s)
Economics, politics and business environment; Information technology and systems; Technology, R&D management
Keyword(s)
Internet access market, access regulation, investment, infrastructure, Next Generation Networks, broadband, telecom, cable operators and EU regulatory framework
JEL Code(s)
L96, L51
In this paper, we study how the coexistence of access regulations for legacy (copper) and fiber networks shapes the incentives to invest in fiber-based network infrastructures. To this end, we first develop a theoretical model that extends the existing literature by, among other things, considering alternative firms with proprietary legacy network (e.g., cable operators) and the presence of asymmetric mandated access to networks. In the empirical part, we test the theoretical predictions using a novel panel data from 27 EU member states pertaining to the last decade. Our main finding is that, in line with the theoretical results, stricter access regulations (i.e., a decrease in access price to legacy network and the adoption of fiber regulation) decrease the incumbent operators’ fiber investments. The estimated magnitude of these effects is economically significant. On the other hand, cable operators, who are responsible for the largest share of investments in fiber, are not affected by access regulation. Our paper thus provides policy insights for the on-going revision of the EU regulation framework for the electronic communications industry.
With permission of Elsevier
Volume
61
Journal Pages
613–652
Journal Article

Do credit shocks affect labor demand? Evidence for employment and wages during the financial crisis

Journal of Financial Intermediation 36 (October 2018): 16–27
Alexander Popov, Jörg Rocholl (2018)
Subject(s)
Economics, politics and business environment; Finance, accounting and corporate governance
Keyword(s)
Credit shocks, financial crisis, labor demand, employment, wages
JEL Code(s)
D92, G01, G21, J23, J31
We study the impact of exogenous funding shocks to German savings banks during the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis on the labor decisions of 30,000+ private and public firms in Germany. We find that firms with credit relationships with affected banks experience a significant decline in labor demand relative to firms with credit relationships with healthy banks, manifested in a simultaneous reduction in firm‐level employment and average wages. The employment effect is more pronounced in larger firms, while the wage effect is stronger in smaller firms. Both employment and wages go back to pre‐shock levels three years after the shock.
With permission of Elsevier
Volume
36
Journal Pages
16–27
Journal Article

The Matthew effect as an unjust competitive advantage: Implications for competition near status boundaries

Journal of Management Inquiry 27 (4): 378–381
Henning Piezunka, Wonjae Lee, Richard Haynes, Matthew S. Bothner (2018)
Subject(s)
Strategy and general management
Keyword(s)
Status, competition, tournaments
Merton often envisioned status growth as a process of stepping across a boundary between one status grade and another more elite status grade. Such boundaries include the border between graduate school and a top academic department that young researchers try to traverse, or the frontier between scientists outside the French Academy and scientists inside the French Academy. As it is now common to measure status continuously using network data, the behavioral ramifications of status boundaries have been understudied in recent research. In this essay, we focus on competitive behaviors that emerge near a status boundary because of the desirability - as well as the “double injustice” - of the Matthew effect. Offering insights for future research, we discuss how these competitive behaviors are likely to delay, or even derail, status growth for those who are near a status boundary.
With permission of SAGE Publishing
Volume
27
Journal Pages
378–381
ISSN (Online)
15526542
ISSN (Print)
10564926
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